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The idea of mutual classification of spaces and mappings is one of the main research directions of point set topology. In a systematical way, this book discusses the basic theory of generalized metric spaces by using the mapping method, and summarizes the most important research achievements, particularly those from Chinese scholars, in the theory of spaces and mappings since the 1960s. This book has three chapters, two appendices and a list of more than 400 references. The chapters are "The origin of generalized metric spaces", "Mappings on metric spaces" and "Classes of generalized metric spaces". Graduates or senior undergraduates in mathematics major can use this book as their text to study the theory of generalized metric spaces. Researchers in this field can also use this book as a valuable reference.
Metric spaces. --- Spaces, Metric --- Generalized spaces --- Set theory --- Topology --- Mathematics. --- Mathematics, general. --- Math --- Science
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This is a short course on Banach space theory with special emphasis on certain aspects of the classical theory. In particular, the course focuses on three major topics: the elementary theory of Schauder bases, an introduction to Lp spaces, and an introduction to C(K) spaces. While these topics can be traced back to Banach himself, our primary interest is in the postwar renaissance of Banach space theory brought about by James, Lindenstrauss, Mazur, Namioka, Pelczynski, and others. Their elegant and insightful results are useful in many contemporary research endeavors and deserve greater publicity. By way of prerequisites, the reader will need an elementary understanding of functional analysis and at least a passing familiarity with abstract measure theory. An introductory course in topology would also be helpful; however, the text includes a brief appendix on the topology needed for the course.
Banach spaces. --- Banach, Espaces de --- Functions of complex variables --- Generalized spaces --- Topology
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Com este texto - breve, auto contido e preferencialmente dirigido a alunos que frequentem o 1º Ciclo em Economia ou Gestão - não pretendemos publicar outro (mais um ...) manual de Álgebra Linear, mas sim criar um instrumento de apoio para cursos que visem iniciar os estudantes no estudo desta disciplina. Assim, ao escrevê-lo tentámos observar algumas regras que nos parecem fundamentais: · Utilizar, apenas, a terminologia necessária, reconhecendo que nem todos pensam como um matemático; · Evitar confundir abordagem coerente e rigorosa com estudo exaustivo e completo, e, nesse sentido, substituir algumas das demonstrações mais exigentes por exemplos esclarecedores; · Assumir que os estudantes/leitores podem não estar familiarizados com o nosso vocabulário e que as palavras que utilizamos muitas vezes não significam o mesmo para os outros do que para nós. Por fim, esperamos que, também com estas lições, consigamos: · esclarecer os nossos alunos de que embora, nalgumas circunstâncias, a Matemática possa complicar e intimidar, ela é indispensável na decisão da escolha dos números, das relações ou associações que são fiáveis; · fazê-los sentir, simultaneamente, que o seu afastamento nos pode colocar em grande desvantagem quando nos dispomos a refletir sobre a multiplicidade de questões que surgem no nosso quotidiano. Este é, do nosso ponto de vista, o melhor caminho para os preparar para um futuro que se adivinha incerto e exigente.
Algebras, Linear. --- Linear algebra --- Algebra, Universal --- Generalized spaces --- Mathematical analysis --- Calculus of operations --- Line geometry --- Topology
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This elementary introduction was developed from lectures by the authors on business mathematics and the lecture "Analysis and Linear Algebra" for Bachelor's degree programmes. It is designed for courses in business administration and business informatics at universities, universities of applied sciences and cooperative universities. With the 5th edition, the title was changed to "Analysis and Linear Algebra". The treatment of sequences and series has been added and some exercises have been added to the introductory chapters. The focus is on teaching mathematical basics with regard to applications in business and financial mathematics. Contents from the upper secondary school are repeated in a compact form. Numerous examples and exercises make the book clear and promote understanding of interrelationships. The introduction is therefore also suitable for A-level students at business schools. The detailed solutions to the exercises are provided on the book's website. The book is therefore also very suitable for self-study. The contents Elementary basics Functions Differential calculus Integral calculus Linear Algebra Functions with several variables Financial mathematics The Authors Prof. Dr. Thomas Holey is head of the Business Information Systems programme at the Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Mannheim and represents the basic mathematical subjects in teaching. Prof. Dr. Armin Wiedemann teaches formal methods of computer science as well as the mathematical subjects at the Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Mannheim. He is retired now.
Algebras, Linear. --- Linear algebra --- Algebra, Universal --- Generalized spaces --- Mathematical analysis --- Calculus of operations --- Line geometry --- Topology
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Dimension theory
Analytical topology --- Dimension theory (Topology) --- Metric spaces. --- Spaces, Metric --- Generalized spaces --- Set theory --- Topology --- Topologie generale --- Dimension
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This book aims to give an encyclopedic overview of the state-of-the-art of Krylov subspace iterative methods for solving nonsymmetric systems of algebraic linear equations and to study their mathematical properties. Solving systems of algebraic linear equations is among the most frequent problems in scientific computing; it is used in many disciplines such as physics, engineering, chemistry, biology, and several others. Krylov methods have progressively emerged as the iterative methods with the highest efficiency while being very robust for solving large linear systems; they may be expected to remain so, independent of progress in modern computer-related fields such as parallel and high performance computing.The mathematical properties of the methods are described and analyzed along with their behavior in finite precision arithmetic. A number of numerical examples demonstrate the properties and the behavior of the described methods. Also considered are the methods’ implementations and coding as Matlab®-like functions. Methods which became popular recently are considered in the general framework of Q-OR (quasi-orthogonal )/Q-MR (quasi-minimum) residual methods. This book can be useful for both practitioners and for readers who are more interested in theory. Together with a review of the state-of-the-art, it presents a number of recent theoretical results of the authors, some of them unpublished, as well as a few original algorithms. Some of the derived formulas might be useful for the design of possible new methods or for future analysis. For the more applied user, the book gives an up-to-date overview of the majority of the available Krylov methods for nonsymmetric linear systems, including well-known convergence properties and, as we said above, template codes that can serve as the base for more individualized and elaborate implementations.
Numerical analysis. --- Numerical Analysis. --- Mathematical analysis --- Algebras, Linear. --- Linear algebra --- Algebra, Universal --- Generalized spaces --- Calculus of operations --- Line geometry --- Topology
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This book focuses on a selection of special topics, with emphasis on past and present research of the authors on “canonical” Riemannian metrics on smooth manifolds. On the backdrop of the fundamental contributions given by many experts in the field, the volume offers a self-contained view of the wide class of “Curvature Conditions” and “Critical Metrics” of suitable Riemannian functionals. The authors describe the classical examples and the relevant generalizations. This monograph is the winner of the 2020 Ferran Sunyer i Balaguer Prize, a prestigious award for books of expository nature presenting the latest developments in an active area of research in mathematics.
Differential geometry. --- Differential Geometry. --- Differential geometry --- Geometry, Riemannian. --- Riemann geometry --- Riemannian geometry --- Generalized spaces --- Geometry, Non-Euclidean --- Semi-Riemannian geometry
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Algebras, Linear. --- Linear algebra --- Algebra, Universal --- Generalized spaces --- Mathematical analysis --- Calculus of operations --- Line geometry --- Topology --- Àlgebra lineal
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Linear Algebra: Algorithms, Applications, and Techniques, Fourth Edition offers a modern and algorithmic approach to computation while providing clear and straightforward theoretical background information. The book guides readers through the major applications, with chapters on properties of real numbers, proof techniques, matrices, vector spaces, linear transformations, eigen values, and Euclidean inner products. Appendices on Jordan canonical forms and Markov chains are included for further study. This useful textbook presents broad and balanced views of theory, with key material highlighted and summarized in each chapter. To further support student practice, the book also includes ample exercises with answers and hints.
Algebras, Linear. --- Linear algebra --- Algebra, Universal --- Generalized spaces --- Mathematical analysis --- Calculus of operations --- Line geometry --- Topology --- Algebras, Linear
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This book is based on a course for first-semester science students, held by the second author at the University of Zurich several times. Its goal is threefold: to have students learn a minimal working knowledge of linear algebra, acquire some computational skills, and familiarize them with mathematical language to make mathematical literature more accessible. Therefore, we give precise definitions, introduce helpful notations, and state any results carefully worded. We provide no proofs of these results but typically illustrate them with numerous examples. Additionally, for better understanding, we often give supporting arguments for why they are valid.
Algebras, Linear. --- Algebra. --- Linear Algebra. --- Mathematics --- Mathematical analysis --- Linear algebra --- Algebra, Universal --- Generalized spaces --- Calculus of operations --- Line geometry --- Topology
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